Waldrop was asking himself, Do I really want to do this? What Joseph L. Rini Knows, Attorney Rachel Y. Marshall A Pillar of Strength for the Community, SpotDraft Raises $26 Million in Series A Funding for AI-Powered Legal Software. Like millions of innovative individuals, MIRIAM E. BENJAMIN (1861-1947) was active in multiple inventive markets, as the patentee of two inventions, and assignee on another. Black IP Lawyers Who've Made It Look to Grow Ranks Beyond 1.7% Bloomberg Law August 6, 2020 "The rarity of being a Black intellectual property lawyer in the United States hits home for the 1.7% of attorneys who fit that description." Read the article District of Columbia is the best state for patent attorneys to live. Segregation laws also made it harder for Blacks to patent their inventions. The executive explained that he had asked his legal department to compile a list of the top black attorneys at big law firms, in the interest of diversifying the companys outside teams. As a member of the American Bar Association, Ms. Allgaier belongs to its Business Law Section and its Section of Intellectual Property Law. Supreme Court Relaxes Exceptional Case Standard in Pair of Fee-Shifting Patent Cases (Article, Apple v. Samsung: Implications for Patent Infringement Cases, Injunctions and Sales Ban (dri IP Seminar, 5/14). Do you need help protecting your ideas, designs, methods or other types of intellectual property? *** In 1906, the Boston Daily Globe reported that Through the untiring efforts of Miss Miriam E. Benjamin of Boston, a clerk in one of the Departments at Washington, $10,482 has been awarded Samuel Lee, a negro, who was elected to congress 25 years ago, but never sworn in. Benjamin lobbied to bring the bill to aid Samuel Lee before Congress nine times, until it finally passed in 1906. The most common ethnicity of patent attorneys is White (75.3%), followed by Hispanic or Latino (7.9%), Asian (6.5%) and Black or African American (5.7%). A Pioneering Black Woman Patent Attorney February 1, 2023 By Zorina Khan Like millions of innovative individuals, MIRIAM E. BENJAMIN (1861-1947) was active in multiple inventive markets, as the patentee of two inventions, and assignee on another. However, an overlooked and unique contribution is that she was the first black woman who practiced as a patent attorney. In addition, the industry that employs the most patent attorneys is the professional industry. That lack of a pipeline of Black attorneys in this practice area certainly hurts.. Criminal Appeal Lawyers in Georgia You have the right to appeal your sentencing and conviction. The Confederate states allowed slave owners to patent the inventions of their slaves. After finding the gender ratio, we wondered if the percentages of LGBT persons were different as well. Benjamin was granted patents for her ideas, and this is sufficient to demonstrate that her discoveries were original and distinct from previous inventions. Were still being judged, feared, devalued because of our race. When I introduce myself at conferences or events and give my elevator pitch, the surprise is often palpable.. This is especially true in terms of Black bar associations. 342B Park Avenue Unit B2 Jeanne has likewise been lead counsel in over 25 PTAB proceedings, having handled IPRs, CBMs, and rare derivation proceedings, including defense of several PTAB decisions before the Federal Circuit (see e.g., IPR2013-00178 and IPR2013-00578). The systemic challenges were driven home for Turner at a bar event some months ago. There have been periods of history where the patent system wasnt even available to large swaths of the Black population, stymieing their participation. Organizations like the National Bar Association, the largest national network of predominantly African American attorneys and judges, or the Chicago Black Partners Alliance can provide lists. In addition, she is a member of the Chicago and Cook County bar associations, the Bar Association of the District of Columbia and the Illinois State Bar Association. She is a member (or participant in the activities) of several . U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Racial Gap Sustained The racial divide persists for many reasons that don't lend themselves to simple fixes. The most common degree for patent attorneys is bachelor's degree 45% of patent attorneys earn that degree. I think that also plays a role because we dont see ourselves being owners of intellectual property.. The rarity of being a Black intellectual property lawyer in the United States hits home for the 1.7% of attorneys who fit that description. She was similarly the attorney of record, when her younger brother, Edgar P. Benjamin (18691972), received U.S. patent no. He tested me, and I know I was judged and questioned in a way, if I were a white man, I would not have been, she said. Patents & Trademarks. Each attorney is granted unlimited access to high quality, on-demand premium content from well-respected faculty in the legal industry along with administrative access to easily manage CLE for the entire team. Past results do not guarantee future results. Learn about patents, patent searches, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets in these resources and guides. Beyond their behavior and comments being offensive, he said, they showed that they made no effort in the past to seek out or meet with attorneys like me.. ***I am indebted to Barbara Levergood of the Bowdoin College library and Rene Bosman at UNC-Chapel Hill, for their generous assistance in locating these bills. The darker areas across the 50 states highlight the highest salaries. Join The Recorder now! We service our national and international client base remotely and through our offices in Seattle, WA and affiliates in San Francisco, CA. By looking over 961 patent attorneys resumes, we figured out that the average patent attorney enjoys staying at their job for 1-2 years for a percentage of 32%. People are often surprised when they learn that I practice patent litigation, said Ellisen Turner, IP practice group partner at Kirkland & Ellis LLP. Lawyers do XYZ. She would similarly provoke efforts on her own behalf for over a decade in the House and Senate, claiming $20,000 (about $300,000 in current dollars) in workers compensation for injuries (including a strained heart and distress caused by noisy surroundings and overwork) she allegedly sustained while working as a clerk at the Government Printing Office in 1910. Jamaals work also extends beyond the medical device field representing clients in a variety of industries, including power management and building construction. From there, a firm can pay for the candidate to take the patent offices bar exam, meaning the candidate can then help clients in the process of obtaining a patent. Boston, MA pays an annual average wage of $119,512, the highest in the US. Drayton said he too benefited from a black role model: former Cooley partner Daniel Johnson Jr., now of the Dan Johnson Law Group. We encourage you to be active with one (or more!) Among the roughly 8% of students in ABA accredited law schools who are Black, many are first generation law students, and may not have strong insight regarding the structure of law school, Dike said. Black or african american patent attorneys have the lowest average salary at $82,666. These are not the inventors that were growing up learning about, said Griffin, who testified to Congress about patent diversity this year. She is a staunch champion of diversity in the legal profession and is a founding member of the Black Patent Network and the Chicago Black Partner Alliance. He counts Kasowitz as a friend. Arent Fox LLP Arnold & Porter LLP Baker & Hostetler LLP Littler Mendelson P.C. The same goes for the privilege and willingness to take advantage of systemic racism that we all witnessed in the recent video from Central Park, he said, referring to a viral video of Amy Cooper calling the cops on Christian Cooper, a black man who asked that she leash her dog. Growing Mineola firm with national practice seeks associate (with 3-6 years experience) to handle complex general liability matters.Competit CASH KRUGLER & FREDERICKS LLC is Celebrating Our 20th Anniversary & Newest Partners! Using the Census Bureau data, we found out how the percentage of each ethnic category trended between 2010-2019 among patent attorneys. That practice, in and of itself, said this process is not for you, said Shontavia Johnson, an attorney and entrepreneur who also serves as associate vice president for entrepreneurship and innovation at Clemson University. We've been helping experienced inventors, first-time inventors, and businesses (and their in-house legal teams) protect their inventions and brands with patents and trademarks since 2004. No. Jennings was a free tradesman and operated a dry-cleaning business in New York City. With Such Low Win Rates, Should Law Firms Respond to So Many RFPs? With little recourse to the courts, African Americans would have found it nearly impossible to fight patent infringement, even if they had been represented by white attorneys, Cook wrote. Not a Bloomberg Law Subscriber?Subscribe Now. The patent is one of the so-called "X-patents," a group of 10,000 or so patents issued by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office between its creation in 1790 and 1836, when a fire began in . Cooley partner Joseph Drayton, the immediate past president of the National Bar Association, would certainly belong on such a list, Turner said. Take that on.. At the time, applicants were required to take an oath of citizenshipthe same year the high court ruled out citizenship for Blacks in Dred Scott v. Sanford. STEM education, or practical experience verified by individual states, is a requirement to take that bar exam. She recalls a session at a partner retreat last year for introducing members of the management committee. They dont necessarily know about it, said Griffin, who runs a consulting firm, The Commercializer LLC, that works with entrepreneurs and startups to monetize their technologies. Jennings invented a way to dry-clean clothes in 1821. Her second invention was a sole for footwear that was patented in 1917 in the United States and in Canada. Thomas L. Jennings (1791-1859), for example, learned tailoring and dry cleaning and carried on that business in New York City, where in 1821, at the age of 30, he received a patent for an improvement in dry cleaning processes perhaps the first black person in this country to have received one . Admitted to practice in Illinois and the District of Columbia, Ms. Allgaier is also admitted to practice before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. 337-TA-1140) (ITC patent trial on automotive technology), TAS v. Cummins (jury trial on a license covering engine technology), and DeKalb v. Pioneer (jury trial on patents covering genetically engineered corn). 1928-2014. When I hear that nowadays, my answer is, Thats an excuse. The racial divide persists for many reasons that dont lend themselves to simple fixes. But there should be no reason a black lawyer isnt pitching, Turner said. Women Earn 93 For Every $1 Earned By Men. Most of what we know about African American inventors came from the research of Henry E. Baker. Turner, whose practice covers intellectual property litigation and strategy, is encouraged that a national and international conversation is springing up around systemic racism faced by African Americans. Filed Under: Of Patents and Prizes, Women in the Republic of Enterprise Tagged With: diversity, intellectual property, patents, women, The Mystery of the Missing Minority Millionairess, A Halloween Debate: Diversity and Exclusion, Who was the First U.S. Economics Professor? And, of course, if you have any suggestions on what ABWA can do to better serve you and our communities at this time, please email us atinfo@abwanewyork.org. With nearly 450 attorneys in 13 offices nationwide, we take pride in our collaborative approach, our lasting relationships and our unique perspectives. Jeanne is admitted to practice in Illinois, the Federal Circuit, the Seventh Circuit, and various federal district courts, in addition to the United States Patent & Trademark Office. I was lucky enough to land in places where people saw something in me, and I was willing to receive it, said Waldrop, who is the head of Kasowitzs Silicon Valley office. Likewise Foley & Lardner partner Jeanne Gills, a member of the firms management committee. Benjamins influence and persistence in legislative matters can be detected in her extended dealings with Congress. The greater horror is that they were nothing new, he said. Asian patent attorneys have the highest average salary compared to other ethnicities. She was named among the 2015 Most Influential Black Lawyers by Savoy.*. Having people ahead of you who look like you and know what youve been through, and can be the champions of your success, can be critically important, Turner said. Surfing Trademark Issues on the Web (F&L White Paper, 9/06; Crafting an Effective Patent Invalidity OpinionIs it the Last Bastion of Defense? (PLI, 2003-2006; Being and Finding Good Mentors (BWLA, 3/06), Trade Secret Protection in the 21st Century (F&L Litigation Conference, 12/05), The Dilution DilemmaLitigating Dilution Claims and the Trademark Dilution Revision Act of 2005 (ABA/Navigant Consulting IP Roundtable, 12/05), IP Roundtable on Key Patent Appellate Cases, including, Digital, Wireless & New Media TechnologiesIs Your IP Future in the Right Hands? (Chair/Founder, F&L 1st Annual IP Conference, 9/05), "Discovery Issues in Patent Litigation (PLI, 9/05), Internet-Related Trademark Litigation Issues & Trends (INTA, 5/05), New Insights into IP Law in ChinaPresenter on Trade Secret Protection (F&L Corporate Counsel Seminar, 3/05), Preparing to Initiate or Defend a Patent Lawsuit (ABA, 10/04), IP Litigation: Avoiding the Money Pit (, How Do You Measure Up? The PTO created a council, which will meet for the first time this year, to develop a plan to promote the participation of underrepresented groups in the patent system. Sarah E. Goode is thought to be one of the first Black women to receive a patent, in 1885, for inventing a folding bed that could be made into a desk when not in use. This section highlights information about where patent attorneys work. Women and minority patent practitioners make up only a small percentage of the patent profession. Between 2008 and 2018, this is how the number of patent attorneys changed. In addition, she regularly presents seminars, and publishes on a variety of IP topics, including: Jeanne has previously served on the firms Strategic Planning, Diversity, and Recruiting Committees and was the former chair and founder of the firms African-American Attorneys Affinity Group. Thomas Jennings, born in 1791, is believed to have been the first African American inventor to receive a patent for an invention. This will further equip us to play a pivotal role in driving meaningful changes and ensuring that our voices are heard. Jamaals IP expertise relates to both the mechanical and electrical arts and covers a broad range of inventions and patents including medical devices, electrical support systems, construction fasteners, seismic construction, air handling systems, metal fabrication, LED lighting systems, footwear, fabrics, and organic compositions. Previously, Dr. Black was a member of the legal affairs department at 3M Company where he supported 3Ms optical and display business units. Im surprised I havent heard of you, the executive said. She is a member of the firms Management Committee and the Manufacturing Sector Advisory Board. Other PTO efforts to close the gap for women and minorities include launching the Expanding Innovation Hub, with resources for inventors, and programs like Camp Invention, a STEM program for elementary-aged students. Since 2008, she has focused her practice on patents related to medicine, medical imaging and instrumentation, scientific instruments, household products, and the life sciences. Theyve never really seen it, its not something theyre aware of.. Some companies tend to go with what they know, he said. The offices of patent attorneys (all white at the time) were in white-only commercial districts, hindering African American inventors from applying for patents, Cook wrote in an often-cited 2013 study that examined patent activity from 1870 to 1940. Firms have been pledging to diversify the ranks of equity partners, and general counsel have been pledging to diversity trial teams, for many years. We found most patent attorneys work for a private company. 475,749 for a bicycle clip in 1892, two years before he graduated from Boston University School of Law. Jeanne has been selected by her peers for inclusion inThe Best Lawyers in America in the fields of Food & Beverage Law (2015-2023) and Litigation Intellectual Property (2017-2023) given her representation of many food/beverage and consumer products companies and work on IP matters; IAM Patent 1000 The Worlds Leading Patent Practitioners (since 2012); Benchmark Litigations Local Litigation Star (2018); Benchmark Litigations Top 250 Women in Litigation (2017); Managing IPs Top 250 Women in IP (2013) & IP Stars (since 2013); The Legal 500 US (Patent/Trade Secret Litigation, 2007, 2010; Patent Transactional, 2014-2015); Leading Lawyers (Patent Law, 2012-2013); LawDragon 3000 for IP (2011); Leadership Excellence in the Law Award (National Diversity Council, 2014); the countrys "Top Minority IP Partners" by AIPLA & MCCA (2003); the Nations Best Advocates: 40 Lawyers Under 40 Award by NBA & IMPACT (2010); the less than 5% of Illinois attorneys selected for inclusion in Illinois Super Lawyers (2005-2006, 20082018); the notable lawyers in Whos Who in Black Chicago (1st/3rd eds); and by Crains Chicago Business (2017) inaugural list of "Chicagos Most Influential Minority Lawyers." The figures are particularly damning for African American lawyers. There are a lack of visible Black mentors; for example, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, the nations highest court for most patent cases, has never had a Black judge. As in-house counsel, Alex developed strategy and managed dozens of patent cases in 5 countries, including 3 ITC trials, District Court cases, a UK trial, a German trial, and 2 China cases . The same goes for the privilege and willingness to take advantage of systemic racism that we all witnessed in the recent video from Central Park, he said, referring to a viral video of Amy Cooper calling the cops on Christian Cooper, a black man who asked that she leash her dog. Patrice Jean, a molecular biology Ph.D. and co-chair of Hughes Hubbard & Reeds life sciences group; Sterne, Kessler, Goldstein & Fox partner Eldora Ellison; Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner partner Mareesa Frederick and others would qualify for such a list, Turner said. Miriam Benjamin was actively involved in the patenting process, as an inventor and assignee. The agency would also be required to make the data public. Clients, attorneys say, are among the greatest gatekeepers for helping Black lawyers excel. As a junior associate, before going on to co-chair Venable LLPs IP division, Justin Pierce recalls hearing the trope about being really articulate from a potential client. Pierce, the Venable lawyer who remembered being called really articulate, said that occurred after an in-person presentation to a group of executives at a potential client company regarding a patent case. Im on the executive committee of the firm. When clients and law firm rainmakers invest in and bet on black IP attorneys, good things tend to happen, Drayton said. The initiative's progress, as well as that of IPReg, the regulator for patent and trademark attorneys in the UK, has been documented previously. During law school, she worked in the Law Office of the Cook County Public Defender as a senior law student, representing clients who had been charged with misdemeanors and felonies. The most common ethnicity among patent attorneys is White, which makes up 75.3% of all patent attorneys. Honored as an Up & Coming Attorney by Missouri Lawyers Weekly, 2021, Top 100 Black Lawyers, The National Black Lawyers, 2015, Bar Association of Metropolitan St. Louis, University of Wisconsin Law School, J.D., 2007, Marquette University, B.S., Biomedical Engineering, 2004. The cost of getting a patent, which can run into the thousands of dollars, and a lack of early exposure to the patent system present barriers to already marginalized communities. Her listing in the 1920 census as a patent attorney is certainly notable, but the census takers simply recorded what householders told them. Metrics And Measurements for Law Departments (, How to Litigate in the Digital Decade (Defendants' Patent Counsel (doing damages expert cross-exam and closing argument) in Mock Trial Plenary Session involving patent and trademark infringement; AIPLA Mid -Winter Institute, 1/04), Bank One: Law Firm Diversity Symposium (Panelist, 12/03), A Woman and Minority Perspective on Client Development (CBA, 9/03), IP Litigation and Opinions Using Litigation Knowledge to Advance Career Success (NBA Annual Convention, 8/03). Defend Trade Secrets Act: The Latest in Trade Secrets Developments, Presentation: WhatsReasonable? Her trial experience includes bet the company cases with several hundreds of millions at stake, e.g., In re Certain Multi-Stage Fuel Vapor Canister Systems and Activated Carbon Components Thereof (Inv. She may have obtained informal legal training, but that is pure speculation, without any reliable supporting evidence. On what other basis would you think that I couldnt possibly be [on the committee] other than my skin color or gender? she said. Numerous sources claim that she obtained a law degree from Howard University, but the college catalogues show that this was not the case. Jamaal was selected by judges, bar groups and fellow attorneys for his work, leadership and community service. Research Summary. In the late 19th century, it was improved upon by Sarah Boone, an African American woman who was born enslaved. The choice of a lawyer is an important decision and should not be based solely on advertisements. It was great to see a prominent lawyer who looked like me; it materially contributed to my vision of success. CAN I USE MY TRADEMARK ON PROMOTIONAL ITEMS? Patent attorneys earn the most in Massachusetts, where the average patent attorney salary is $117,586. To contact the reporter on this story: Matthew Bultman in New York at mbultman@correspondent.bloomberglaw.com, To contact the editors responsible for this story: Keith Perine at kperine@bloomberglaw.com; Cheryl Saenz at csaenz@bloombergtax.com, Learn more about a Bloomberg Law subscription, Photo Illustration; Jonathan Hurtarte/Bloomberg Law; Photos: Getty Images, Photo by Thomas S. England/The LIFE Images Collection via Getty Images/Getty Images; Photo by Kean Collection/Getty Images; Photo by Bettmann Archive/Getty Images, federal intellectual property legislation, Black inventors vastly underrepresented in patent system, Scholars say diversity gap has deep historical roots. Most historians agree that Thomas L. Jennings is the first African American patent holder in the United States. Jeanne acts as lead trial counsel in complex patent, trade secret, trademark, copyright, and unfair competition litigation and appeals including USPTO post-grant proceedings in diverse industries ranging from electronics to biotechnology. But more than 90 percent of American Intellectual Property Law Association survey respondents said they were admitted to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office bar, which is required to practice in agency matters like prosecuting clients patent applications. Now more than ever is the time to seek job opportunities and diligently pursue our professional goals. As the founder of Allgaier Patent Solutions, she represents clients throughout theUnited Stateswho need legal assistance with regard to patents, trademarks, and copyrights. ? Evaluating Your Litigation Exposure (ACC Annual Conference, 10/13), IP Issues at the FrontlineOffensive & Defensive Strategies That Win the Game (Chair, F&L 9th Annual IP Conference, 10/13), User Driven IP 4.0: High Stakes. Even before she became the famous author we know today, she was already making history: At just 16 years old, she became the first black female streetcar conductor in San . Miriams brother Lyde Wilson Benjamin (18651916) received U.S. patent no. Lawyers and other IP professionals also have a responsibility to help diverse entrepreneurs and inventors, said Deborah Lodge, a partner at Squire Patton Boggs who has participated in New Voices Foundation educational programs about IP protection. Science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) education isnt required to practice IP law, including patent litigation. Patent records also refute the common tendency to attribute an entire industrial category to a single inventor in fact, over 800 similar signalling devices were filed before 1910, and dozens prior to Benjamins own invention. Partner Jeanne Gills was quoted in The Recorder article, "' Take That On': Black Patent Attorneys Say It's Time They Are Recognized," where she discussed the systemic racism she has faced in her career and the hurdles she's faced as a black patent lawyer.She said practicing patent law while being black and female is a double challenge. Every case is different and must be judged on its own merits. 1. We compared this job title with other job titles to see how gender percentages varied. Apart from racism, Black IP attorneys say there are distinct reasons why they make up just 1.7% of their specialty, a figure based on a survey by the American Intellectual Property Law Association. If such an individual doesnt exist at their law firm, say to them, If you want to keep my business, hire some additional individuals to put on my team.. They benefit from a diversity of experiences in connection with among other things, witness preparation, formulating a trial story and approaches in relating to jurors. A white male professor came rushing down the hall. Best Patent Attorneys near you Savage Consulting Expert Attorneys Established Law Firms In All Areas Of Law 5.0 (4) Miami, FL 33125 55 years in business Request a quote View Profile Vanst Law, LLC. Duane Morris energy attorneys assist clients with advisory, regulatory, litigation, transactional and legislative matters involving environmental, energy and natural resources issues. Jamaalfrequently lectures on intellectual property law to attorneys and other professionals. Jeanne has authored (and regularly updates) a chapter on Experts for the Patent Litigation Strategies Handbook (BNA Books). Born as Marguerite Johnson on April 4, 1928, Maya Angelou was a renowned poet, educator, and civil rights activist who moved to the Bay Area at the age of 14. Employees with the patent attorney job title have their preferences when it comes to working for a company. There are over 3,943 Patent Attorneys in the United States. B. 5.7% of Patent Attorneys are Black or African American, Most a are White, with 75.3% of Patent Attorneys belonging to this ethnicity. The list did not include any patent litigators. As a dialogue springs up around systemic racism, Kirkland partner Ellisen Turner and other lawyers discuss the legal industry's failure to recognize and reward the achievements of black patent attorneys. (212) 558-4000 125 Broad St New York, NY 10004 CLOSED NOW 4. Judy W. Reed, of Washington, D.C., was the first African American woman to receive a patent. Well strive to move the needle on diversity and inclusion efforts across the legal industry. Jeanne M. Gills is a partner and intellectual property lawyer with Foley & Lardner LLP. Comprised of a select group of lawyers chosen by Mr. Cochran himself to carry out his legacy, The Cochran Firm provides high-quality, effective representation for ordinary citizens . Today, Drayton is serving as lead counsel for a number of clients at Cooley, including dating app Bumble in its highly publicized patent litigation with competitor Match Group LLC. I say its largely an excuse, because there are people who do exist, she said. Loeb & Loeb LLP Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP Norton Rose Fulbright LLP Sidley Austin LLP, As the 2019-2020 bar year comes to an end and we begin planning for 2020-2021, weve been reflecting deeply on how we can best serve you as we, 2020 Association of Black Women Attorneys New York, ABWA's Pressing Forward - Let's All Get Involved, ABWA's 2020 Ruth Whitehead Whaley Scholarship Celebration. Definitions belong to the definers, not the defined.- Toni morrison. We provide excellence in legal services and are proud to be one of the most powerful networks in the industry. Sterne Kessler, for instance, recruits technical specialists that are not lawyers from historically black colleges and groups like the Society of Women Engineers. Customer Service| He was born in Canada but raised in Michigan, before being sent to study in Scotland at age 15. For Foley & Lardner LLPs Jeanne Gills, securing a lead role on a trial team in one of the biggest cases in her career -- a patent dispute in which a half-billion dollars were at stake -- was a game changer, made possible because in house counsel lobbied for me., Any lawyer that hires outside counsel, they have the power to hire a diverse lawyer to lead their matter or require the lead lawyer to staff a diverse attorney, Gills said. 5.0 (4) Our Firm Our legal system is largely comprised of two different types of cases: civil and criminal in both of which we are specializing. 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